vim

vim - Vi IMproved, a programmer’s text editor

Move

Basic - h j k l
Word - w b e ge
Line - ^ $ 0 g G
Paragraph - { }
Screen - Ctrl+d Ctrl+u Ctrl+f Ctrl+b
Char - f F t T ;
Parenthesis - %
Window - H M L

Search

/ ?
n N
* # - search with cursor word

Replace

:%s/foo/bar

Insert

i a o
I A O

Edit

dd yy p
x u

Scroll

z<CR> zt zz zb

Visual

v V

aw as ap a' a"

iw iW - inner

• w - word
• W - WORD
• s - sentence
• p - paragraph
• b - (...) block
• B - {...} block
• t - <>...</> block
• < - <...> block
• [ - [...] block
• ' - '...' single quoted string
• " - "..." double quoted string

• ` - `...` string in backticks

• ~ - switch CASE

A WORD is always delimited by whitespace.
A word is delimited by non-keyword characters, which are configurable.

Split

:sp :vsp

Ctrl + w + h/j/k/l

Ctrl + w + +/-/>/</=/_/|

Buffers

:bn :bp b1

:buffers :ls

bd bd! - delete

Tabs

:tabnew [file]

gt gT <N>gt

:tabs - List the tab pages and the windows they contain.

:tabm[ove] {count} - move tab to index {count}

:tabc[lose][!] {count} - close tab
:tabo[nly][!] - close other tabs
:tabn[ext] {count} - Go to tab page {count}

{count} - 1, +, -, +3, -3, $

:help tab-page-intro

Leader

\ - default

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let mapleader = "," 

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:nnoremap <leader>h :noh<CR>

Links

<c-]> <c-o>

:cmd

:help

:set all

:set {option}!

:set invlist: ^I表示一个tab

:noh: 关闭 search highlight

:!command: run shell command

:verbose :verb: 检查某个命令是谁执行的: verb set cocu

.vimrc

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set number
set expandtab
set tabstop=2
set softtabstop=2
set shiftwidth=2
syntax on
set hlsearch

• reload: :source ~/.vimrc

Plugins

vim-plug

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curl -fLo ~/.vim/autoload/plug.vim --create-dirs \
    https://raw.githubusercontent.com/junegunn/vim-plug/master/plug.vim

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call plug#begin('~/.vim/plugged')

Plug 'vim-airline/vim-airline'
Plug 'preservim/nerdtree'
Plug 'jistr/vim-nerdtree-tabs'
Plug 'Yggdroot/LeaderF'
Plug 'airblade/vim-gitgutter'
Plug 'tpope/vim-fugitive'
Plug 'Raimondi/delimitMate'
Plug 'tpope/vim-surround'

call plug#end()

PlugInstall

https://github.com/junegunn/vim-plug

airline

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let g:airline#extensions#tabline#enabled = 1

https://github.com/vim-airline/vim-airline

NERDTree

:NERDTree

t - Open in new tab
A - FullScreen
m - Menu ()

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:nnoremap <leader>n :NERDTree<CR>

Git

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Plug 'Xuyuanp/nerdtree-git-plugin'

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let g:NERDTreeGitStatusUseNerdFonts = 1

Highlight

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Plug 'tiagofumo/vim-nerdtree-syntax-highlight'

LeaderF

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Plug 'Yggdroot/LeaderF'

• <leader>f
• <leader>b

<c-t> - Open in new tab
<c-x> - Open in split
<c-]> - Open in vertical split

<c-j>, <c-k> or the arrow keys to navigate the result list.

:Leaderf <subcommand>

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let g:Lf_StlSeparator = { 'left': '', 'right': '' }
let g:Lf_ReverseOrder = 1

Rg

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:LeaderF rg

.ripgreprc

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--max-columns=150
--max-columns-preview
--glob=!*[.-]min.js

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export RIPGREP_CONFIG_PATH=$HOME/.ripgreprc

https://github.com/Yggdroot/LeaderF

indentLine

indentLine will overwrite concealcursor

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let g:indentLine_setConceal=2
let g:indentLine_concealcursor = 'nc'

Git

https://github.com/airblade/vim-gitgutter
https://github.com/Xuyuanp/nerdtree-git-plugin

https://github.com/tpope/vim-fugitive
https://github.com/mhinz/vim-signify

fugitive

:G - status

? - help

<CR> - Open File

s u - - stage/unstage
= - Inline Diff

X - Discard Change

gu - go to Untracked
gU 0 go to Unstaged
gs 0 go to Staged

cc - create a commit

:G commit

:G push

gitgutter

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highlight clear SignColumn
highlight GitGutterAdd ctermfg=2
highlight GitGutterChange ctermfg=3
highlight GitGutterDelete ctermfg=1
highlight GitGutterChangeDelete ctermfg=4

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:GitGutterLineHighlightsToggle

Markdown

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Plug 'godlygeek/tabular'
Plug 'plasticboy/vim-markdown'

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let g:vim_markdown_toc_autofit = 1
let g:vim_markdown_new_list_item_indent = 2 # type o to new indent line
let g:vim_markdown_math = 1
let g:vim_markdown_frontmatter = 1
let g:vim_markdown_fenced_languages = ['css', 'rb=ruby', 'javascript', 'js=javascript', 'typescript', 'ts=typescript', 'json=javascript', 'ruby', 'sass', 'xml']

:Toc

]] - go to next header.
[[ - go to previous header.

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function s:TocToggle()
    if index(["markdown", "qf"], &filetype) == -1
        return
    endif

    if get(getloclist(0, {'winid':0}), 'winid', 0)
        " the location window is open
        lclose
    else
        " the location window is closed
        Toc
    endif
endfunction

command TocToggle call s:TocToggle()

Folding

• zr - reduces fold level
  • zR - open all folds
• zm - increases fold level
  • zM - close all folds
• zo - open one fold under the cursor
  • zO - recursively
• zc - close one fold under the cursor
  • zC - recursively
• za - toggle one fold
  • zA - recursively

Coc

:CocList extensions

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:CocInstall coc-json coc-tsserver coc-emmet coc-jedi coc-html coc-vetur coc-solargraph

ruby

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gem install solargraph

Vista

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Plug 'liuchengxu/vista.vim'

https://github.com/liuchengxu/vista.vim

Others

surround.vim

• ds - delete surround
• cs - change surround
• ys - you surround

** alias **

• b - )
• B - }
• r - ]
• a - >

** notes **

• yss will ignore leading whitespace
• f surround with function
  • ysiWfprint<CR>

Visual-mode

• S - surround

https://github.com/tpope/vim-surround

delimitMate

automatic closing of quotes, parenthesis, brackets, etc.

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let delimitMate_expand_cr = 1

https://github.com/Raimondi/delimitMate

nerdcommenter

<leader>c<space> - toggle

Theme

VS Code

https://github.com/tomasiser/vim-code-dark

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Plug 'tomasiser/vim-code-dark'

.vimrc

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colorscheme codedark
let g:airline_theme = 'codedark'

Icons

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Plug 'ryanoasis/vim-devicons'

Vim Script

Variables

let - set a variable
const - set a constant variable

• g:var - global.
• a:var - function argument.
• l:var - local to function.
• b:var - local to buffer.
• w:var - local to window.
• t:var - local to tab.
• s:var - local to script.
• v:var - Predefined by Vim.

:echo v: - list all Vim variables
:echo g: - list all global variables

:h variable-scope

Data Types

Number

-123 0x10 0177

Float

123.456 1.15e-6

String

"hello" 'world'

Operators

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<string> == <string> " equal
<string> != <string> " not equal
<string> =~ <pattern> " match
<string> !~ <pattern> " not match

# - match case
? - don’t match case

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echo  'Hello ' .  'world' " concat

Funcref

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:let MyFunc = function("strlen")
:echo MyFunc('foobar) " 6

List

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:let mylist = [1, 2, ['a', 'b']]
:echo mylist[0] " 1
:echo mylist[-2] " 2

Dict

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:let mydict = {'blue': "#0000ff", 'foo': {999: "baz"}}

Bool

There is no Boolean type. Numeric value 0 is treated as falsy, while anything else is truthy.

If

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if <expression>
	" ...
elseif <expression>
	" ...
else
	" ...
endif

For

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for <var> in <list>
	continue
	break
endfor

for [var1, var2] in [[1, 2], [3, 4]]
	" on 1st loop, var1 = 1 and var2 = 2
	" on 2nd loop, var1 = 3 and var2 = 4
endfor

While

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while <expression>
endwhile

Try-Catch

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try
	" ...
catch <pattern (optional)>
	" HIGHLY recommended to catch specific error.
finally
	" ...
endtry

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" throw new exception
throw "Wrong arguments"

Functions

function! - overwrite a function
call <function> - execute a function

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function! <Name>(arg1, arg2, etc)
	" <function body>
endfunction

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{x -> x * x} " lambda

Classes

Vim doesn’t have classes built in.

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let MyClass = {foo: "Foo"}
function MyClass.printFoo() dict
	echo self.foo
endfunction

Misc

\ - escape line break

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" regexp substitute
:substitute/hello/Hello/

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" The arguments are "events", "patterns", rest is "commands"
autocmd BufWritePost $MYVIMRC source $MYVIMRC

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" 
let line = 3
execute line .. 'delete' 

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" play back a sequence of normal mode commands
" `!` to ignore user mappings
normal! ggddGp

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wincmd L  

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" current word under cursor
echo  expand('<cword>') 

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"  turn off autoindent when you paste code
:set paste
:set nopaste

map

<silent> - Execute {command} silently

Syntax

highlight

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function! SynStack()
  if !exists("*synstack")
    return
  endif
  echo map(synstack(line('.'), col('.')), 'synIDattr(v:val, "name")')
endfunc

Tips

clipboard

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set clipboard+=unnamedplus

+y - copy
+p - paste

Refs

https://vimawesome.com/