语法

动名词和不定式

动名词 (动词 + -ing)

eg. Larry enjoys cooking dinner for Lucy.

不定式 (to + 动词)

eg. Larry plans to eat out.

有些动词后面只能接动名词，有些动词则只能接不定式，还有些动词既可以接名词也可以接不定式。

只能接不定式的动词

paln
eg. We are palinning to go to the basketball game.
want
eg. We want to see the play in the park this week.
need
eg. I need to get some money for the concert.

只能接动名词的动词

enjoy
eg. I enjoying listening to music.
keep
eg. Mary kept playing her guiter until midnight.
think about
eg. We are thing about going to a concert.

可以接动名词或不定式的动词

like
I like going to musicial
I like to go to musicial
love
Joanna loves eating in restaurants.
Joanna loves to eat in restaurants.
begin
It began snowing.
It began to snow.

补充说明

A gerund [ˈdʒɛrənd] is a verb form that functions as a noun.

A gerund is a word ending in “-ing” that is made from a verb and used like a noun.

动名词可以用作主语
Bursing your teeth is important.

可以在介词后面使用
She is goods at painting.
We arrived in Madrid after driving all night.

用于表达can’t help, can’t stand, to be worth, it’s no use.
She couldn’t help falling in love with him.

……

总之动词要当名词使用的时候使用动名词。

GERUND - EF

时间和地点介绍

三个时间地点介词 in, on, at.

大的地区或长的时间，比如国家或年，使用 in。
Beijing is in China.
They came here in 2015.

像街道等较小的地区及星期和日期，则使用 on。
I live on Main Street.
The lecture in on Monday.
My birthday is on April 17th.

地址、公司和建筑，以及表示确切的时间则使用 at。
His house is at 456 Pine Street.
THe concert is at 5 p.m.
The lecture is at auditorium.

使用in搭配morning、afternoon和evening，使用at搭配night、midnight 和 noon。
In the morning, I’m very tired.
At night, I like to read.

一般现在时表示的将来时

谈论将来时，你有时可以使用一般现在时。如果谈及的演出活动隶属于 某计划表、 时间表 或 演出日程，这种情况最为常见。

表示演出开始或结束的动词，如 begin， close 常常以一般现在时表示将来时。

表示演出开始的一般现在时有： begin, start, open.

eg. The dance performance begins at 8 0’clock tonight.
eg. Harold’s Store opens at 9 a.m. tomorrow.

表示演出结束的一般现在时有： close, end, be over, finish.

eg. The movie is over at 9:15 p.m.
eg. SHe closes her shop at 6 o’clock.

语言点：记住在 he、she、 和 it 后面，动词一般现在时后加 s。

Why & because

使用疑问句 Why 询问原因，使用 because 说明原因。
Why did you go to Paris?
I went ti Paris because it’s beautiful!

单词 because 引出原因从句， 比如 because it's beautiful.。
I go to that restaurant, because it’s cheap, and the food is delicious.
I go to concerts because I enjoy classical music.

表达能力

使用单词 can 搭配动词表达能力
eg. Larry can drive.

can 有两个否定形式 can’t和cannot,它们的意思相同。

can在句子中通常不重读，can’t通常重读。

询问

What do you want to do? 你想做什么？
What are we going to do tonight? 我们今天晚上要做什么？
What’s going on? 有什么正在进行的活动？

使用 there is 和 there are 配合 and 回答

There’s a new movie at the theater and a lecture at the university.
There are some great movies and plays going on this week.

使用 can 和 could 介绍可能的活动，搭配 or 来提出不同的选择。

We can go to the lecture or movie.
You could go swimming or you could go hiking.

使用 what else 搭配问题来询问更多选择。

What else is there to do? 还可以做什么？
What else is going on? 还有什么活动？

请求帮助

带有 Cound you 的问句
Could you do me a favor?
Could you help me?

相应的回答：
Sure.
No problem.
Ok.

如果米帮不了忙，可以说 I’m sorry, but 来表示道歉，然后说明原因。
I’m sorry, but I’m really busy right now.
I’m really sorry, but I can’t help you. 真是对不起，可我帮不了你。

专有名词

我们使用专有名词来命名事物，比如人、公司或地点。专有名词首字母始终大写，这样便于辨认。

eg. Contral Park Harry’s Bar

表达恼怒

表达恼怒有许多方法。主要的方法是提高说话的音量。这表达出强烈的感情。

重复

表达恼怒的另一种方法是重复短语表示强调。
OK, OK, I’m coming. I’m coming.

表达怀疑

通过表示你不相信某人做了某事，也能传达你的恼怒。
I don’t believe it!
I can’t believe it!

夸张

你也可以通过夸大某人犯错的频率来表达愤怒。使用 always 和 never 来表示夸大。重读这些词来强调频率。
Jack always forgets.
Mary never helps me.

表示强烈的愤怒

你可以使用 stupid 或 crazy 等形容词表达程度更强的恼怒。如果你用这些次形容一个人，表示你不是恼怒，而是生气了。谨慎使用这些词，因为它们可能伤害人的感情。

This is stupid！ - 这很傻。
Are you crazy? - 你疯了吗？

建议活动

提出建议有几种方式

Let’s 搭配动词原型
Let's go to the dance performance.

How about / what about 搭配动名词
What about metting some friends?

Could 搭配动词原型
We could go out for a drink at Harry’s Bar.

Why don’t we + 动词原型
Why don't we try a new restaurant?

疑问

till 和 untill 的区别
什么是重读？重读的规律？
What’s going on? 的意思
一般现在时的具体内容？

We’re 的发音

English	发音
We're	[wɪə(r)]
were	[wər]
where	[weə]

范文

Picnic in the Park
This weekend, residents of Stardew Valley are going to enjoy their annual picnic in Hooper Park. The party will start at 10 in the morning and continue until 7 in the evening. There will be games for the children and food for everyone! Admission is free!

Vocation
Jim: Hi, Ann! Hey, how was your vocation? You went to New York, right?
Ann: Yeah.
Jim: How was it?
Ann: Oh, I love New York! It’s a really exciting city.
Jim: Hmm, It’s too big and too loud for me. So, what did you do in New York?
Ann: Well, we went to a musical, That was fun! And we ate at some really interesting restaurants. The food was delicious.
Jim: It sounds wonderful.
Ann: And the Museum of Modern Art was incredible!
Jim: That’s great! Well, I have a meeting. See you later.
Ann: Bye.

词汇

English	中文
lecture
movie
game
concert
dacne
musicial
play
picnic
adminssion
perform
incredible	不可思议的
relaxing	安静的
wonderful	出色的
resident	居民

loud difficult quite different boring

有关演出的形容词
interesting boring relaxing exciting surprising
fun incredible loud(喧闹的) wonderful terrible

其他词汇

English	中文
Beethoven	贝多芬
Mozart	莫扎特
orchestra	管弦乐的
auditorium	礼堂
stadium	体育馆